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MantisBT安装配置

MantisBT是一款界面简洁但功能强大的Bug追踪系统，也可以做轻量级的项目管理。本文介绍MantisBT在LNMP环境下的安装配置。

MantisBT的系统占用极低，单核1GB内存的云服务器就可以满足需求。操作系统我选择了Ubuntu 20.04 x64 Server版，其它Linux系统也大致相同。

安装完Ubuntu系统后，更新系统并安装必须的软件： 

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt upgrade
$ sudo apt autoremove
$ sudo apt install nginx mysql-server php-fpm php-mbstring php-mysql postfix

接下来我们解压MantisBT的安装包： 

$ sudo mkdir /opt/mantisbt
$ sudo chown `whoami`:`whoami` /opt/mantisbt
$ tar -xvf mantisbt-2.24.3.tar.xz -C /opt/mantisbt/
$ chmod 775 /opt/mantisbt/mantisbt-2.24.3

因为现在HTTPS的访问方式已经是主流，我们可以让HTTP的访问请求都转到HTTPS的URL。创建/opt/mantisbt/mantisbt_http/index.html文件： 

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<html>
    <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;url=https://example.com/">
</html>

然后我们将适用于Nginx的证书存放到固定的目录： 

$ mkdir /opt/mantisbt/ticket_cert
$ cp ~/example.com.pem /opt/mantisbt/ticket_cert/
$ cp ~/example.com.key /opt/mantisbt/ticket_cert/

创建HTTPS的Nginx文件/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ticket_https.conf： 

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server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name         example.com;
    ssl_certificate     /opt/mantisbt/ticket_cert/example.com.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /opt/mantisbt/ticket_cert/example.com.key;
    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
    ssl_protocols       TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers         ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    root  /opt/mantisbt/mantisbt-2.24.3;
    index index.php;
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
    location ~ \.php$ {
        include       snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
        fastcgi_pass  unix:/run/php/php-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include       fastcgi_params;
    }
    client_max_body_size 16m;
}

创建HTTP的Nginx文件/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ticket.conf： 

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server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;
    root  /opt/mantisbt/mantisbt_http;
    index index.html;
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
    }
    client_max_body_size 16m;
}

我们将运行Nginx的用户改为当前用户，这样文件的权限上更单纯。修改/etc/nginx/nginx.conf： 

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-user www-data;
+user ct ct;
 worker_processes auto;
 pid /run/nginx.pid;
 include /etc/nginx/modules-enabled/*.conf;

同时我们变更php-fpm的监听权限，修改/etc/php/7.4/fpm/pool.d/www.conf： 

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 ; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
 ; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
 ;                 mode is set to 0660
 listen.owner = www-data
 listen.group = www-data
-;listen.mode = 0660
+listen.mode = 0666
 ; When POSIX Access Control Lists are supported you can set them using
 ; these options, value is a comma separated list of user/group names.
 ; When set, listen.owner and listen.group are ignored

重启Nginx和php-fpm： 

$ sudo service nginx restart
$ sudo service php7.4-fpm restart

MantisBT需要使用MySQL存储数据。较新的Ubuntu上，要登录MySQL需要首先获取管理员用户名和密码： 

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$ sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = WPAhowIN3uvVHtVI
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = WPAhowIN3uvVHtVI
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

使用这组用户名和密码连接MySQL并新增MantisBT的数据库和用户： 

$ mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p
mysql> CREATE DATABASE ticket CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;
mysql> CREATE USER 'ticketuser'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ticket.* TO 'ticketuser'@'127.0.0.1';
mysql> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'ticketuser'@'127.0.0.1';
mysql> quit;

此时可以通过浏览器打开http://ip，配置MySQL后再遵循指引安装设置即可： 

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Type of Database: MySQL Improved
Hostname:         127.0.0.1
Username:         ticketuser
Password:         password
Database name:    ticket

安装设置完成后，在/opt/mantisbt/mantisbt-2.24.3/config/config_inc.php文件中增加各项配置，特别是邮件服务器的配置： 

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<?php
$g_crypto_master_salt     = '9ZX1ONWx6IWuM1iyAGLMZx9zVGRnFpM=';
 
$g_hostname               = '127.0.0.1';
$g_db_type                = 'mysqli';
$g_database_name          = 'ticket';
$g_db_username            = 'ticketuser';
$g_db_password            = 'password';
 
$g_window_title            = 'Ticket';
$g_allow_signup            = OFF;
$g_rss_enabled             = OFF;
$g_show_realname           = ON;
$g_default_timezone        = 'Asia/Shanghai';
$g_default_language        = 'auto';
$g_timeline_view_threshold = ADMINISTRATOR;
$g_email_receive_own       = OFF;
$g_administrator_email     = 'ticket@example.com';
$g_webmaster_email         = 'ticket@example.com';
$g_from_email              = 'ticket@example.com';
$g_from_name               = 'Ticket';
$g_return_path_email       = 'ticket@example.com';
 
$g_phpMailer_method         = PHPMAILER_METHOD_SMTP;
$g_smtp_host                = 'smtp.exmail.qq.com';
$g_smtp_username            = 'ticket@example.com';
$g_smtp_password            = 'password';
$g_smtp_connection_mode     = 'tls';
$g_smtp_port                = 587;
$g_email_send_using_cronjob = ON;
 
$g_bug_link_tag     = '#';
$g_bugnote_link_tag = '~';
$g_html_valid_tags  = 'p, li, ul, ol, br, pre, code, i, b, u, em, strong';
 
#$g_logo_image = 'images/mantis_logo.png';

#$g_status_colors['new']          = '#C25428';
#$g_status_colors['feedback']     = '#479E98';
#$g_status_colors['acknowledged'] = '#89972C';
#$g_status_colors['confirmed']    = '#B28A2B';
#$g_status_colors['assigned']     = '#398BCD';
#$g_status_colors['resolved']     = '#EEE8D7';
#$g_status_colors['closed']       = '#95A1A1';

#$g_css_include_file = "css/custom.css";

?>

在css/custom.css中我们可以设置字体或其它CSS样式： 

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pre {
    /* border-left: 5px solid #ccc; */
    margin-left: 2em;
    padding-left: 5px;
    font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace;
    font-size: 90%;
}
 
code {
    color: #666;
    font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace;
    font-size: 90%;
}
 
input {
    font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace;
    font-size: 90%;
}
 
textarea.form-control {
    font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace;
    font-size: 90%;
}

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